The ruins of the first Bulgarian Capital are 2km away from the present-day town of Pliska. It lies on a large undulating plain locked between the hills of Shoumen and Madara. Mighty fortress there defended the approaches to the capital on the plain because as a people of the steppe the Proto-Bulgarians preferred to live on plains. Pliska was a product of a large-scale construction effort with three successieve defence fortifications and solid stone walls that reached up to 12 meters.

As matter of fact, there were twi cities. The outer city sprawled over 23sq km and the inner city occupied 0,5sq km. The citadel, the palace of the khan, in the centre, had a remarkably monumental architecture; 56 rectulangar premises can be detected in the ruins.

A secret tunnel connected the palace with the Grand Basilica, a three-nave church of 2920 sq m, which was the largest in the Balkans those days.

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